How is it Used?

Xylazine can be administered orally, injected, or inhaled. It is often used in veterinary medicine to sedate large animals such as horses and cattle. Illicit use of xylazine typically involves injecting the drug or inhaling the fumes from heated xylazine tablets.

What are the Effects?

Short-Term Effects:

The short-term effects of xylazine use can include sedation, dizziness, and nausea. Xylazine can also cause respiratory depression, which can be life-threatening. In some cases, xylazine can cause seizures, muscle twitching, and loss of consciousness.

Long-Term Effects:

There is limited information available on the long-term effects of xylazine use in humans. However, animal studies have suggested that prolonged use of xylazine can lead to physical and psychological dependence, as well as a range of physical health problems. These can include respiratory problems, liver and kidney damage, and cognitive impairment. Chronic use of xylazine can also lead to mood disturbances, such as depression and anxiety.

What does it Look Like?

Xylazine is typically found in liquid or powder form. The specific appearance will depend on the manufacturing process and intended use.

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How is it Used?

PCP is available in a variety of tablets, capsules, and colored powders, which are either smoked, taken orally or by the intranasal route (“snorted”).

Smoking is the most common route when used recreationally. The liquid form of PCP is actually PCP base often dissolved in ether, a highly flammable solvent. For smoking, PCP is typically sprayed onto leafy material such as mint, parsley, oregano, or marijuana. PCP may also be injected. The effects of PCP can last for 4 to 6 hours.

What are the Effects?

Pharmacologically, PCP is a noncompetitive NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor antagonist and glutamate receptor antagonist, but also interacts with other receptor sites, and may have effects with dopamine, opioid and nicotinic receptors.

Many believe PCP to be one of the most dangerous drugs of abuse. A moderate amount of PCP often causes users to feel detached, distant, and estranged from their surroundings.

• Numbness of the extremities, slurred speech, and loss of coordination may be accompanied by a sense of strength and invulnerability.
• A blank stare, rapid and involuntary eye movements, and an exaggerated gait are among the more observable effects.
• Auditory hallucinations, image distortion, severe mood disorders, and amnesia may also occur.
• Acute anxiety and a feeling of impending doom, paranoia, violent hostility, a psychoses indistinguishable from schizophrenia.

High doses of PCP can also cause seizures, coma, and death (often due to accidental injury or suicide during PCP intoxication). Psychological effects at high doses include delusions and hallucinations. Users often refer to the experiences from hallucinogens as a “trip”, or calling an unpleasant experience a “bad trip.”

PCP has sedative effects, and interactions with other central nervous system depressants, such as alcohol and benzodiazepines, can lead to coma or accidental overdose. Many PCP users are brought to emergency rooms because of PCP’s unpleasant psychological effects or because of overdoses. In a hospital or detention setting, they often become violent or suicidal, and are very dangerous to themselves and to others. They should be kept in a calm setting and should not be left alone.

Common Symptoms

• slight increase in breathing rate
• rise in blood pressure and pulse rate
• shallow respiration
• flushing and profuse sweating occurs.
• a drop in blood pressure, pulse rate, and respiration.
• nausea, vomiting
• blurred vision
• flicking up and down of the eyes
• drooling
• loss of balance and dizziness
• violence, suicide
• memory loss
• difficulties with speech and learning
• depression
• weight loss that can persist up to a year after stopping PCP use.

How is it Used?

What are the Effects?

Common Symptoms

• increased wakefulness and physical activity
• decreased appetite
• faster breathing
• rapid and/or irregular heartbeat
• increased blood pressure and body temperature 
• extreme weight loss
• addiction
• severe dental problems
• intense itching, leading to skin sores from scratching
• anxiety
• changes in brain structure and function
• confusion
• memory loss
• sleeping problems
• violent behavior
• paranoia—extreme and unreasonable distrust of others
• hallucinations—sensations and images that seem real though they aren’t

How is it Used?

What are the Effects?

Common Street Names

How is it Used?

What are the Effects?

Common Symptoms

• constricted blood vessels
• dilated pupils
• nausea
• raised body temperature and blood pressure
• faster heartbeat
• tremors and muscle twitches
• restlessness
• extreme happiness and energy
• mental alertness
• hypersensitivity to sight, sound, and touch
• irritability
• paranoia—extreme and unreasonable distrust of others